What strategies can be used to address reading challenges in struggling readers?

The correct answer focuses on individualized instruction and multi-sensory approaches, which are essential strategies for addressing reading challenges in struggling readers. Individualized instruction allows educators to tailor lessons to meet the specific needs of each student, recognizing that struggling readers may have different underlying issues affecting their literacy skills. This personalized approach ensures that instruction is relevant and effective for each learner's unique situation.

Multi-sensory approaches enhance learning by engaging multiple senses—involving visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities—during the reading process. This can help reinforce learning and memory, making it easier for struggling readers to grasp and retain new information. Techniques such as using textured letters, auditory phonics instruction, or interactive reading activities can significantly improve their engagement and comprehension.

Other strategies, such as requiring additional reading homework or emphasizing competitive reading, may not effectively support struggling readers and can sometimes lead to frustration or disengagement. Similarly, using advanced texts without proper scaffolding may overwhelm students and reinforce their reading difficulties rather than help them develop their skills. Thus, focusing on individualized and multi-sensory methods is a proven way to support and improve reading outcomes for struggling learners.